Name:
Zarna Bhatti
Roll
no: 5
Enrollment
no. : PG15101005
Topic:
Themes in John Keat’s selected poems.
Paper
no: 5 Romantic Literature
Email
Id: zarnabhatti10@gmail.com
Submitted:
Smt. Guardi Department of English M.K.B.U.
Introduction:
John
Keats (1795-1821) he was born in the stable of the Swan and Hop Inn,
London, in 1795. Their first act seems to have been to take Keats
from school at Enfield, and to bind him as an apprentice to a surgeon
at Edmonton. For five years he served his apprenticeship, and for two
years more he was surgeon’s helper in the hospitals, but though
skillful enough to win approval, be disliked his work and his
thoughts were on other thigs.He was also most significant, as showing
not only Keats’s wonderful poetic gifts, but also his beautiful and
indomitable spirit.
His
famous work are:
“Lamia”
“Isabella”
“The
Eve of St. Agnes, and Other Poems”
“Grecian
Urn”
“Ode
to Nightingale”
“Psyche”
“Autumn”
Theme
- The Inevitability of Death
Even
before his analysis of terminal tuberculosis, Keats focused on death
and its inevitability in his work. Keats, small, slow acts of death
occurred every day, and he chronicled these small mortal occurrences.
The end of a lover’s grip, the images on an ancient urn, the
reaping of grain in autumn—all of these are not only symbols of
death, but instances of it. Examples of great beauty and art also
caused Keats to ponder mortality, as in “On Seeing the Elgin
Marbles” (1817).
Shakespeare or John Milton: in “Sleep and Poetry” (1817),
Keats outlined a plan of poetic achievement that required him to read
poetry for a decade in order to understand—and better—the work of
his predecessors. Hovering near this dream, however, was a morbid
sense that death might intervene and terminate his projects; he
expresses these concerns in the mournful 1818 sonnet “When
I have fears that I may cease to be.”
The
Contemplation of beauty:
In
his poetry, Keats suggested the contemplation of beauty as a way of
deferring the inviolability of the death although we must die
eventually. We can choose to spend our time alive in aesthetic
revels, looking at beautiful object and scene. Unlike mortal beings
beautiful things will never die but will keep demonstrating their
beauty for all time. Keats explores this idea in the first book of
“Endymion”. The speaker in “Ode on a Grecian Urn” envies the
immortality. He comfort young lovers by telling them that even though
they shall never catch their mistress, these women shall never stop
having experiences. They shall remain permanently portrayed while the
speaker changed grows old and eventually dies. “Ode on a Grecian
Urn” describe in this poem image of musician, urn, image of
mysterious priest. The urn described “Historian” story.
- Departures and reveries:
In
the many of keat’s poems, the speaker leaves the real world to
explore a transcendent, mythical, or aesthetic kingdom. At the end of
the poem, the speaker returns to his ordinary life transformed in
some way and provided with a new understanding. The ability to get
lost in a reverie, to depart conscious life for imaginative life
without wondering about believable or rationality, is part of keat’s
concept of negative capital capability. Keat’s explored the
relationship between visions and poetry in “Ode to Psyche” and
“Ode to Nightingale”.
“Ode
to Nightingale” described in this poem poet compare life of mortal,
humans being with Nightingale. “Ode to Psyche” in this poem
described poet image of cool-rooted flowers. Entire poem is related
to the myth of “Psyche” and qupide. Poet also shown us mental
pain of psyche. “Psyche” of Keats own self, his sorrow and
suffering in the society.
Keats
imagined that the five senses loosely related to and to connected
with various types of art. The speaks in “ Ode to on Grecian Urn”
describes the pictures described on the urn including lovers racing
one another, musicians playing instrument and a virginal original
holding still. All the figures remain static, held fast and permanent
by the described on the side of the urn, and they cannot touch one
another, even though we can touch them holding bowl. In “ Ode to
Nightingale”, the speaker longs for a drink of crystal clear water
or wine so that he might adequately describe the sound of the birds
singing nearby. Each of the five senses must be involved valuable
experiences, which, in turn, lead to the production of valuable art.
- The disappearance of the poet and the speaker:
In
keat’s theory of negative capability, the poet disappears from the
work that is the work itself chronicles an experience in such a way
that the reader recognizes and response to the experience without
requiring the intervention our explanation of the poet. The speaker
of “Ode on a Grecian urn” describe the scenes on the urn for
several stanzas until the famous conclusion about beauty and truth
which is enclosed.
The
poet described “To Autumn” that the season of fall, like spring,
song to sing.The image of autumn season and image of small insects or
birds or animals. “Ode to Nightingale” uses the bird’s music to
contrast the mortality of human with the immortality.
“Ode
to Nightingale” hearing the bird’s song causes the speaker to
ruminate on the immortality of art and the mortality of humans. Keats
had an enduring interest in antiquity and the ancient world. His
longer poem like “The Fall of Hyperion or Lamia” mythical world
and not a unlike that of classical antiquity. In ancient cultures,
Keats saw the possibility of permanent artistic achievement, if a
Grecian urn still spoke to someone several centuries after creation.
“Ode
on a Grecian Urn” discuss art and arts audience Keats reveal “Ode
on a Grecian Urn” to focus on representational art. “Ode on a
Grecian Urn” with an emphasis on how the urn, as human artistic
construct, capable of relating to the idea of “Truth”, “Ode to
a Nightingale” is separated from humanity and does not have human
concerns. The urn as a piece of requires an audience and is an
incomplete on its own.
Keats
famous poem like “Lamia”, in this poem poet described she is half
snake, half woman beautiful but deadly. Her full born beauty Lamia
entices Lycius in to a relationship which is image of character
seeing, looking, gazing or casting Lamia’s immortal viewpoint is
juxtaposed with Apollonius human one.
Conclusion:
John
Keats is a famous natural and love poet of romantic period. In his
work are very famous of poem. He was also write so many “Ode”. He
is concern with a particular state of poetic receptivity that makes
literary creation possible.
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